Oil-burning apparatus



July 25, 1944. w. JJSMITH ETAL OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed May 51, 1941 3 Shets-Sheet 1 WILLIAM J.SM1T-H EQVON HRASE July 25, 1944. w. J. SMITH ETAL 2,354,223

OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed May :51, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 25, 1944. w. J. SMITH FE AL v 2,354,223

OIL. BURNING APPARATUS Filed May SI, 1941" :5 Sheets-Sheet :s'

P WILLIAM J. SMITH 'A. VON HAflSE Patented July 25,1944 I William J. Smith, Rocky Haase, Lakewood, Ohio, Steel Products Corporation,

a corporation of Ohio Application May 31, 1941, Serial No. 396,082

26 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type wherein oil and combustion supporting air are discharged in a generally horizontal direction from a rotary. distributing head into impacting engagement with an ignition and combuston ring located adjacent the combustion chamber wall. The present invention particularly relates to improvements in the combustion ring.

In recent years combustion ring of heat resistant sheet metal havecome into use. Heretofore it has been the practice with a ring of this character to space the same from the combustion chamber wall in such manner as to provide an open top annular chamber, and to securely attach the ring to the refractory hearth bed which form the bottom of the combustion chamber. One disadvantage in such arrangement is that during expansion and contraction of the -combustion ring the mechanical connection between the ring and hearth bed exerts forces which tend to break the hearth bed surface at.the connection, frequently interfering with the desired air fiow and control of the air flow. Also, due to the mechanical connection the ring is restrained against expansion. This tends to distort the ring which frequently necessitate the replacement of the ring because the desired combustion conditions are not obtainable.

One of the objects of the present invention is (Cl. 158-4) I to provide a metallic combustion ring which is free to expand and contract without distortion.

Another object is to provide a metallic combustion ring for wall flame oil burning apparatus which has no mechanical connection with the supporting hearth bed, whereby the ring is free to expand and contract.

Another object is to provide a combustion ring comprised of a series of interconnected segments forming an endless construction which is' adaptable to combustion chambers of different diameters and forms by the removal or insertion, as the case may be, of a segment of like construction.

A further object is to provide a combustion ring having an oil intercepting and vaporizing wall spaced away from the combustion chamber wall with a substantially imperforate portion extending from the upper edge of the wall in such manner as to form a substantially closed chamberbetween the vaporizing wall and--combustion chamber wall.

A further object is to provide a metallic combustion ring with new and improved means for assisting in the vaporization of the oil.

A still further object is to provide new and imments shown in Fig: 11;

River, and Anthony yon assignors to Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio,

Figure 1 is a vertical vsection taken through a combustion chamber and oil burning apparatus of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged end view of one of the combustion ring segments having the flame controlling member mounted thereon;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the construction shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a top'plan view of shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the flame controlling members;

Fig. 6 is a substantially full size combustion ring segment of modified construction having an overhanging oil gasifying plate and a flame controlthe construction ling member of modified design, showing the same I in a combustion chamber;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of two interlocked segments of the character shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a front elevation view of the construction shown in Fig. '7;

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view of a iurther modified combustion ring segment showing the same mounted in a combustion chamber;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of the combustion ring of Fig. 9 showing two of the segments in assembled relation and associated with an air deflecting wall;

Fig. 11 is a front elevation of the construction shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is an end elevation of one of the seg- Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a sectional portion of one of the segments, the section being taken substantially on line l3--l3 of Fig. 12; and

Fig. 14 isa radial sectional view through the hearth and the outside wall of a combustion chamber showing a modified construction of segment or flame ring element in which the top-or tration, a furnace having an upright wall l form- .above ing a combustion chamber and provided with bracket portions i3 supporting an annular hearth plate l1. Suitably secured to the hearth plate I! and extending upwardly through the opening I! thereof is an annular air collar I 9.

Supported on the hearth plate l1 and extending between the upright ,wall l5 and the upper edge of the air collar i9 is a hearth bed 20 of refractory material, having a substantially horizontal upper surface 2 I.

The rotary oil and air distributing device shown for illustration comprises a driving motor 22 housed within the space below the hearth plate I 1 and supported by means of brackets 23 attached to the air collar IS. The motor is provided with a hollow shaft 24 extendingupwardly and centrally within the air collar I 9. A distributinghead 23, threadably secured to the end of the shaft 24, comprises a member 26 carried by the upper end of the shaft 24 and having a chamber 21 for receiving oil from the hollow shaft 24. Oil is fed from the chamber 21 through radially extending discharge tubes 28. Secured to the member 26 above the discharge tubes 23 is a rotatable driven disk 29 having a plurality of radial fan blades 30 secured to the under side thereof. Oil supplied by a conduit 3| to the lower end of the housing of the motor 22 feeds through the saft 24 to the chamber 21. The head 25, during its rotation, discharges oil and air outwardly over the hearth bed 20 toward the upright wall IS, the air, by reason of the disk 23, flows close to the surface of the hearth bed 20.

The present invention resides in the combustion or flame ring A for intercepting the vaporizing the intercepted oil. One form of the combustion ring A, shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, comprises a plurality of segments or flame ring elements 32, each formed of suitable heat resistant sheet metal such as stainless steel or high chrome steel.

Each segment 32 may be formed of a single piece of metal by bending to provide spacedupright walls 33 and 34 connected at their bottom edges by an integral horizontal web 35 to form an open channel 38, the taller or outer wall 33 constituting the oil intercepting and vaporizing wall and the shorter or inner wall 34 constituting an air deflecting wall. The segment also includes an integral generally horizontal or closure I wall 31 extending outwardly from the upper edge of the intercepting wall 33, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2.

Each segment 32, adjacent one end thereof, is provided with a narrow vertically extending slot 39 in the oil intercepting wall 33, and at the opposite end with spaced tongues 40 projecting laterally outwardly from the intercepting wall 33 as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. At the corner between the wall 33 and the horizontal wall 31 the tongued end of the segment is slitted, as shown at 4| in Fig. 3, and at the opposite end of the segment, the corner connection between the air deflecting wall 34 and the bottom wall 35 is slitted, as shown at 42 in Fig. 4.

The segments 32 are interlocked together to form an endless self-supporting, ring-like member by disposing the tongues 40 on one end of each segment, within the slot 39 of the next adiacent segment in such manner that the nortions 43 of th walls 33 overlap the slots 33, with the slits 4| receiving the corresponding walls 31 and with the bottom-walls 35 disposed and in overlapping relation to the corresponding walls of the next adjacent sections. One end of the short or air deflecting wall 34 of each segment is received in the slit 42 of the next adjacent section in overlapping relation with the air deflecting wall of the latter.

Figs. 7 and 8, shoWi'Lg a modified segment, also indicate the general interlocking relation of the segments just described. A string or series of such segments are assembled and then the two ends are moved toward each other and interlocked in the manner just described to form a generally annular or ring-like structure, thus bending the portions 34a of the walls 34 above the slits 42 and along the lines 42a, substantially as shown in Fig. 4.

Depending upon the particular furnace construction, the interlocked segments 32 are either inserted bodily in this interconnected annular formation in the combustion chamber or are first inserted in the combustion chamber with the ends thereof in disconnected condition, after which thedisconnected ends are interlocked, as previously described. When in the combustion chamber, the interlocked segments 32 are supported directly upon the horizontal surface 2| of the hearth bed 20 through contact between this surface and the underside of bottom walls 35 of the interlocked segments, the interlocking connections between the segments 32 holding the segments in self supporting, upright positions. The overlapping outwardly extending horizontal wall portions 31 present a substantially imperfOrate closure wall extending from the fuel vaporizing wall 33 substantially to the upright combustion chamber wall l5. This substantially imperforate wall, with the upright wall I I, the hearth bed surface 2! and the substantially imperforate endless oil intercepting wall 33 cooperatively define a substantially closed insulating chamber C which provides a dead air space that prevents circulation of'cooling air over the outer surface of the vaporizing wall 33.

One important feature of the segment structure just described is that the interlocked segments 32 are supported directly upon the hearth bed 20 and rest thereon by gravity without mechanical connection of any kind therewith. Be-

cause of this and because of the interlockingconnections between the segments 32, the combustion ring structure is free to expand and coninto and removal from the combustion chamher. and, moreover, the size or diameter of the combustion ring can be easily changed for adaption to combustion chambers of different diameters merely by the insertion or removal of one or more segments of the same construction into or from the combustion ring.

Associated with each combustion ring segment 32 is a sheet metal flame controlling. grilllike member 44 having a base portion 43, an outer u standing wall portion 43 and a forwardly extending portion 41 spaced above the base porassaaaa tion 43 substantially parallel'therewith providing an open front chamber 33. The base portion 33 is provided with downwardly extending tongues 49 arranged to extend into slots 50 formed in the rearwardly extending'wall 31, as shown in Fig. 3. The upper wall 44 is provided with rectangular openings ll, the metal at one edge of the/openings being bent upwardly as shown in Figs. 3 and 5 to provide inclined vanes 32.

During operation of the oil burning apparatus described, the oil and air are discharged by the distributing head .25 in an outward generally horizontal direction, the air generally flowing, near the hearth bed below the path of 011 travel and the oil traveling in a generally horizontal direction into impacting engagement with the intercepting and vaporizing wall comprised of the walls 33 of segments 32 where it is ignited by means of a suitable ignition device 53.

The burning of the ignited oil quickly heats the thin intercepting wall 33 to a temperature suflicient to vaporize the impacting oil. The hot oil vapors rise and mix with the combustion supporting air which is deflected upwardly by the overlapping inner walls 34 of the segments 32. This mixture, due to eddy currents and the force of air from the fan vanes 30, is carried 3 1 flat plate having spaced parts 350 for detachable outwardly into the open sided chambers 43 of the flame controlling members 44 and thence is forced and rises upwardly through the openings 5| and between the edges of adjacent upper flame controlling walls 41 where it burns, usually with a very hot, bluish flame.

The flame controlling members 4| assist somewhat in steadying and regulating the combustion of the oil but primarily are employed to hold the flame of combustion down near the combustion ring A, and to be heated thereby to a high temperature, the vanes 52 producing eddy currents and retarding the tendency towards rotation of the circular flame in the combustion chamber which is induced by the fan or blower. Preferably the vanes 52 are disposed along the edges of the openings 51 which are in the direction of rotation of the air and fuel in the combustion chamber.

Due to the fact that the integral, outwardly extending walls 31 underlie the flame of combustionand have metallic contact with the flame controlling members 44, they become highly heated by radiation, convection and conduction and transmit heat by conduction to the intercepting walls 33 to assist in heating and maintaining the latter at a high temperature for efficiently and substantially completely vaporizing the impacting oil.

Referring to the construction shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, the segments per se are substantially the same as the segments 32 previously described and. hence, carry the same numerals, corresponding parts carrying like numerals. Associated with each of the segments 32 is a plate- ]ike, sheet metal member 60 suitably secured, as by welding, to the outer-portion of the rearwardly extending wall 31. The plate-like member 60 is provided with an upwardly offset portion 6| spaced above the wall 31 and projecting inwardly beyond the vaporizing wall 33 to overhang the latter, as shown in Fig. 6, and to provide an open front chamber 62 facing inwardly. The offset portion 6| forms what may be termed a. gasifying and heat absorbing plate. It will be noted in Fig. 8 that the portions 6| incline upwardly in the direction of air flow and circum-' ierentially of the flame ring, and also that the support on one of the flanges 64. Each of the members 63 extends inwardly and upwardly over thecombustion ring at an acute angle, as shown in Fig. 6, and, like the flame controlling member 44, is provided with openings 66 therethrough, one side of each opening being provided with an upwardly extending inclined vane 81 corresponding to the vanes 52 previously described.

The operation of the combustion ring illustrated in Figs. 6 through 8 corresponds in general to the mode of operation previously described. However, in this modification of the invention the portions SI of the plates an intercept and deflect some of the upwardly flowing gases when the burner is in normal operation, including the gases resulting from the vaporization of the oil intercepted by the hot vaporizing wall 33 and a portion of the air deflected upwardly by the wall 34. The gases and air flow into the several chambers 62 and into the several pockets .8.

The air and gases in the chambers 62 are mixed by the turbulent flow and are highly heated and burn with a vigorous flame as they are discharged through the circumferentially directed and outlets 63. The hot blasts or flames and gases discharged from the openings or outlets G3 are directed over the top surfaces of the plates SI of the next adjacent segments.

In connection with the flow of the hot gases and air through the chambers 62 and the pockets 68, it has been found that the flames or hot blasts issuing from the discharge outlets 63 tend to move closely over the top surfaces of the walls SI of the adjacent segments. It is believed that the air discharged from the distributing head 25 and deflected to flow upwardly and outwardly by the wall 34 creates a low pressure zone above each of the walls 6|. This low pressure zone above each of the walls BI is thought to promote the flow of air and gases out of the discharge openings 63 in the form of blasts or jets that, because of the low pressure immediately adjacent the upper surfaces of the walls Bl, tend to hug or flow closely over such surfaces. The movement of the hot blasts or Jets of flame closely over the upper surfaces of the walls or gasifying plates -6l cause the latter to become highly heated. v I

The gases and air are further and thoroughly mixed in the chambers 62 and while passing between the highly heated walls 31 and 8| are subjected to high temperatures which tend to completely gasify all of the fuel oil, producing a highly combustible mixture which upon leaving the discharge passages 63 between adjacent plate portions 6| above the combustion ring burns in the form of a blue flame. The upwardly and inwardly extending grill-like plates serve to retard annular rotation of the flame of combustion and to hold the flame down near the combustion ring. The arrows in Fig. 6 indicate in a general manner the flow of the air, oil and combustible mixture, the liquid oil trajectory being shown in broken lines.

In Figs. 9 to 13, inclusive, there are shown interlocked segments of a combustion ring similar to those described in connection with Figs. 6, 7 and 8.

In this case, a relatively low or short upright air deflecting wall 10 comprises a single piece of sheet metal supported on the top surface of the hearth bed 20 but in substantially air tight abutting relation with a shoulder portion ll of the hearth bed disposed above the plane of the lower edge of the wall 10.

Combustion ring segments 12 each comprise an upstanding relatively high oil intercepting wall 13 supported upon horizontal hearth bed portion II in spaced relation with respect to the wall 10 and between the latter wall and the combustion chamber wall IS. A wall or closure member 14 integral with the intercepting wall 13 extends outwardly and horizontally from the upper edge of the latter substantially to the upright combustion chamber wall I5 to provide the chamber C for the dead air space heretofore mentioned.

Each segment 12 is provided at its lower edge with an inwardly extending tongue 15 which may rest on the hearth 2| and terminates in an upwardly extending flange 16 which, when the segments 12 are in their interlocked assembledposition, abuts the separate air deflecting wall 10, as shown in Fig. 9, to properly space the segments from the.wall 10.

The upright intercepting wall 13 of each segment is provided with an outwardly offset portion 11 at one end and the horizontal wall 14 is similarly provided with a downwardly offset portion 18 so that the end of the next adjacent segment may abut against the shoulders 19 and 80 respectively formed thereby. Thus the oil intercepting surfaces of the walls 13 and the upwardly directed surfaces of the horizontal walls 14 of adjacent segments are respectively substantially flush with one another, the ends of the adjacent segments being assembled in telescopic relationship.

The segments 12 are removably interlocked as in the previously described constructions by cooperating tongues 8| and slots 82.

Ga'sifying plates 88 similar to the plates 80 of Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are provided on the segments I! except that in this construction the ends of adjacent plates 83 are spaced apart horizontally instead of being spaced vertically in overlapping relation. The plates 83 with the closure walls 14 provide air receiving and directing pockets 81 which correspond to the open sided pockets or chambers 62 heretofore described and serve to change the radial flow of the gases to circumferential flow closely overlying the horizontal wall portion I4.

Flame'controlling members are also provided I for the segments 12. These members 84 are removably supported on the plates 83 and are each provided with a plurality of flame passages in the form of circular apertures 85, a portion of the metal displaced in forming each aperture 85 being bent upwardly around a portion of the periphery of the aperture to provide a semicircular vane 88, the purpose of which is to retard flame rotation,'turbulate the air,'and .permit passage therethrough of the heated gases and flames the same as the vanes 52 first described in connection with Fig. 3. Between the gasifying plate I4 and the flame controlling members 84 are pockets ll (Fig. 12) which receive combusturbulating the same.

The operation of the construction shown in Figs. 9 to 13 is substantially the same as that of Figs. 6, 7 and 8, the vertical walls 13 of the segments 12 constituting a substantially continuous and imperforate wall for intercepting and vaporizing the oil, and the plates thoroughly mix the vaporized oil and air flowing into the underlying chamber and to gasii'y the same.

In view of the foregoing it can be seen that a combustion ring of new and improved design is provided which can be easily and economically fabricated from sheet metal, and, also. from which the-ultimate in eflicient combustion can be attained.

Although the laterally extending wall portions. in the various constructions, which substantially close in the chamber between the combustion chamber wall and the vaporizing wall are shown to be horizontal, it is to be understood that they may incline downwardly from the upper edge of the vaporizing wall outwardly toward the combustion chamber wall.- Such a construction is shown in Fig. 14.

The oil or fuel intercepting wall 33 and the inner or air deflecting wall 34, and the related parts, are the same as the corresponding walls of the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 through 5 and have been indicated by the same numerals V of reference. Connected along the top of the vertical outer wall 33 and extending outwardly and downwardly therefrom at an inclination to the horizontal is a closure wall extending across the top of the insulating chamber C which provides the dead air space between the vaporizing wall 33 and the wall ii of the combustion chamber. If desired, the closure wall 90 may be integral with the vertical wall 33, the two walls being formed of a single strip or piece of stainless steel bent at an acute angle along the line indicated at 9|. Supported on the closure wall 90 is a flame controlling member 92 which corresponds to the flame controlling member 44 previously described and also resembles the combined plate member 60 and flame controlling members 65 previously described. The member 92 may be formed of a single piece or strip of sheet metal having an acute angle bent at 93 to provide a portion 94 which may be secured to the upper surface of the closure wall 90, as by welding. An upwardly extending portion 95 of the flame controlling member overlies the portion 94 to provide therebetween an open front chamber 96 which corresponds to the chamber 43 previously de Both the portions as and 91 or the flame controlling member 92 extend inwardly beyond the plane of the wall 33, thereby intercepting and deflecting hot vapors and gases rising or flowing upwardly from the wall 33. If desired, the uo- 95 of the flame conwardly extending portion trolling member 92 may be formed with struckout vanes 99 corresponding to vanes 52 and 31 previously described. However, the vanes 99 are not essential in the modification shown in Fig. 14 since the upward inclinationof the plate por tion 95 allows the gases and vapors to circulate 83 serving to A sloping or inclined ofl'set bananas sufliciently to give substantially complete comthe structures previously described, and this result is effected without materially impairing the property of the structure to retard air circulation over the outside or rear surface of the fuel vaporizing wall ll.

During operation of oil burners embodying the structures described herein, the combustion air and hot gases moving radially with respectto the flame or combination ring A under the influence of the blower or fan blades 30 are directed into the open-sided chambers or pockets, such as shown at 48, 82, 96 and 98. Some of these pockets, as 62,81 and 88 are open-only or principally at their ends, in addition to the frontopening through which the gases and fuel vapors enter the pockets, and therefore, serve to direct flames or blasts of hot gases circumferentially of the combustion ring and in scavenging or sweeping relation over the top surfacesof the insulatin wall portions 31, I4 and Ill, thereby heating the latter so that the absorbed heat is available by conduction to heat the upright vaporizing walls against which the liquid oil impinges. Others of the pockets, as 48, 68 and 96, have restricted top openings through which received gases and fuel vapors are directed in controlled flow and burn with a hot bluish flame. There may be some burning below the plate or wall members 41, GI, 66, 83, 84, 95 and 81, resulting in heating of the plates, thereby aiding in heating the upright vaporizing walls by conduction while the insulating walls extending outwardly from the tops of the vaporizing walls prevent circulation of cooling air over the outside surfaces of the latter.

other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The

present embodiments, therefore, are to be conextending to said wall, a combustion ring disposed near the periphery of said hearth bed and,

having a substantially continuous, vertically disposed, oil intercepting and vaporizing wall, said intercepting and vaporizing wall comprising a plurality of metallic sections, each interlocked with an adjacent section, and a fixed substantially continuous vertically extending air deflecting wall spaced inwardly from and of lesser height than said vaporizing wall, and means extending between said air deflecting wall and said segments for maintaining said segments in uniformly spaced relation with respect to said air deflecting wall.

2. In an oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, a combustion ring disposed near the periphery of said hearth bed and havin a substantially continuous, vertically disposed,

' oil intercepting and vaporizing wall, said intercepting and vaporizing wall comprising a plurality of metallic sections, each interlocked with an The present invention may be embodied in adjacent section, and a sheet metal one-piece air deflecting wall of lesser height than said combustion ring disposed on said hearth member in spaced relation'with respect to said combustion ring, said segments having portions projecting therefrom in abutting unsecured relation with said air deflecting wall,

3. In an oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having acombustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, a combustion ring disposed near the periphery of said hearth bed and having a substantially continuous, vertically disposed,

oil intercepting and vaporizing wall, said intercepting and vaporizing wall comprising a pluralityiof metallic sections, said segments being loosely connected together and seating on said hearth bed without connection therewith whereby to permit unrestrained expansion and contraction of said combustion ring, and an imperi'orate air deflecting wall of lesser height than said combustion ring spaced therefrom, said air deflecting wail being supported in fixed position "on said hearth bed and having a substantially airtight connection therewith, r

4. In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth'bed extending to said .wall, a combustion ring supported on said hearth bed near the periphery thereof, said ring comprising a ,plurality of individual sectlons each having an upstanding oil intercepting and vaporizing wall spaced inwardly from saidupright wall and a substantially imperforate wall portion extending outwardly from the upper edge of said oil intercepting and vaporizing wall toward said upright wall to overlie the space between said vaporizing and upright walls, adjacent sections having cooperating portions maintaining said sections in endless ring-like formation.

5. In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, a combustion ring supported on said hearth bed near the periphery thereof, said ring comprising a plurality of individual sections, each having an upstanding oil intercepting and vaporizing wall spaced inwardly from said upright wall and a substantially imperforate wall portion extending outwardly from the upper edge of said oil intercepting and vaporizing wall toward said upright wall to overlie the space between said vaporizing and upright walls, each of said sections having one end of its vertical wall overlapping the vertical wall of an adjacent section whereby to present a continuous oil intercepting surface. 6. In oil burning apparatus of the wallflame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a. refractory hearthbed extending to said wall, a combustion ring supported on said hearth bed near the periphery thereof, said ring comsections in endless ring-like formation, and one end portion of each imperforate wall overlapping the imperforate wall portion of an adjacent section whereby to presents. continuous wall overlying said space.

7. In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame n type having an upright combustion chamber wall tion, and one end portion of each imperforate.

wall overlapping the imperforate wall portion of an adjacent section whereby to present a continuous wall overlying said space.

8. A combustion ring for oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type comprising a plurality of individual sheet metal sections, each section having a vertical oil intercepting and vaporizing wall, a substantially imperforate integral portion extending laterally from the upper edge of said vertical wall, a second substantially imperforate integral portion extending laterally from the bottom edge of said vertical wall in adirection opposite to said first portion and a second wall integral with said second portion extending upwardly therefrom, said second wall being of materially less height than said first vertical wall,

each section having one end resting within an adjacent section, said sections in their end-overlapping relation being relatively movable to a ring-like formation, and means connecting adjacent sections together and maintaining said sections in ring like formation.

9. In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said i I wall, a metallic combustion ring comprisin a ring-like oil intercepting and vaporizing wall extending in an upright direction from said hearth bed and in spaced relation with respect to said combustion chamber wall to. provide a chamber between said walls and an integral substantially imperforate wall portion extending from the upper edge of said vaporizing wall toward and substantially to said combustion chamber wall to overlie said last mentioned chamber, said vertical wall, said wall portion, said upright wall and the peripheral portion of said hearth bed substantially enclosing said last mentioned chamber.

10; In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, a metallic combustion ring comprising a ring-like oil intercepting and vaporizing wall extending in an upright direction from saidhearth bed and in spaced relation with respect to said 'tions overlying said wall portion in spaced relstion and projecting inwardly beyond said vaporforate portions overlying said wall spaced relation.

11. In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, a metallic combustion ring comprising a ring-like oil intercepting and vaporizing wall extending in an upright direction from said hearth bed and in spaced relation-with respect to said combustion chamber wall to provide a chamber between said walls and anintegral substantially imperforate wall portion extending from the upper edge of said vaporizing wall toward said combustion chamber wall, and a plurality of metallic flame controlling said wall portion intermediate the inner and outer edges thereof and having imperforate porportion in izing wall. v

12. In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame ype having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, a metallic combustion ring comprising a ring-like oil intercepting and vaporizing wall extending in an upright direction from said hearth bed and in spaced relation with respect to said combustion chamber wall to provide a chamber between said walls and an integral substantially imperforate wall portion extending from the upper edge of said vaporizing wall toward said combustion chamber wall, and a plurality of metallic flame controlling plates ,supported on said wall portion intermediate the inner and outer edges thereof and having imperforate por- Y tions overlying said wall portion in spaced relacombustion chamber wall to provide a chamber between said walls and 'an integral substantially imperforate wall portion extending from the upper edge of said vaporizing wall toward and substantially to said combustion chamber wall to overlie said last mentioned chamber, and a plurality of spaced flame controlling m'embers supported directly on said wall portion having pertion and projecting inwardly beyond said vaporizing wall, said imperforate portions being spaced apart at intervals to provide gas exit openings above said wall portion. Q

13. In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, a'metallic combustion ring comprising a ring-like oil intercepting and vaporizing wall extending in an upright direction from said hearth bed and in spaced relation with respect to said combustion chamber wall to provide a chamber between said walls and an integral substantially imperforate wall portion extending from the upper edge of said vaporizing wall toward said combustion-chamber wall, and a plurality of metallic ,flame, controlling plates supported on said imperforate wall portion intermediate the inner and outer edges thereof and having imperforate portions overlying said imperforate wall portion in spaced relation and projecting inwardly beyond said vaporizing wall, said imperforate portions each having one end overlapping an end of aniadjacent imperforate portion in spaced relation to therebetween. A

14. In oil burning apparatus of the wall flame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, an annular combustion ring supported on said bed adjacent said upright wall, said ring having an upstanding oil intercepting wall and an imperforate wall extending outwardly from said oil intercepting wall toward said upright wall, and a plurality of thin, imperforate, metallic, flame controlling plates supported on and above said imperforate wall in spaced relation with respect thereto, said imperforate wall and plates provide a gas exit opening providing an open front gas receiving chamber,

plates supported on I said plates being spaced apart to provide gas outlet enings above said imperforate wall.

15. In 011 burning apparatus of the wall flame type having an upright combustion chamber wall and a refractory hearth bed extending to said wall, an annular combustion ring supported on said bed adjacent said upright wall, said ring having an upstanding oil intercepting wall and an imperforate wall extending outwardly from said oil intercepting wall toward said upright wall, and a plurality of thin, imperforate. metallic, flame controlling plates supported on and above said imperforate wall in spaced relation with respect thereto, said imperforate wall and plates providing an open front gas receiving chamber, adjacent plates having their ends in spaced overlapping relation to provide gas outlet openings above said imperforate wall.

16. In a wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a hearth across the bottom of said chamber, a centrally disposed distributor for projecting, oil and air over the hearth toward the wall, a combustion ring on the hearth adjacent said wall and comprising an upstanding metal vaporizing wall of thin section spaced inwardly from the upright wall and disposed to intercept fuel projected from the distributor and a sealing member extending laterally from along th top of the vaporizing wall toward the upright wall to abut the latter and thereby uniformly space the vaporizing wall from the upright wall, said sealing member being spaced above the hearth and of substantially imperforate character to prevent the circulation in a zone between the upright wall and the vaporizing wall and below the top of the vaporizing wall of flame and hot gases from oil burning above the vaporizing wall.

17. In a wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a hearth acrossthe bottom of said chamber, a centrally disposed rotary distributor for projecting oil and air over the hearth toward the wall,

a combustion ring on the hearth adjacent said wall and comprising an upstanding vaporizing wall spaced inwardly from the upright wall and disposed to intercept fuel projected from the discombustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a hearth across the bottom of said chamber, a centrally disposed rotary distributor for projecting oil and air over the hearth toward the wall, a combustion ring on the hearth adiacent said wall and comprising an upstanding vaporizing wall spaced inwardly from the upright wall and disposed to intercept fuel projected from the distributor, said ring and distributor coacting to produce a gaseous mixture moving circumferentially about the ring, apertured members of thin section supported above the vaporizing wall to act as bailles for said mixture, said baffle members being so disposed that the gases of the circumferentially moving mixture generally flow obliquely through the apertures, and flanges on the baffle members along portions only of tard the circumferential movement of the mix J ture, said flanges being located on generally corresponding edge portions of the apertures in all of the baflle members around the combustion ring and other edge portions of the apertures in the baflie members being substantially flush with the sides of the bailie members to offer minimum obstruction to said circumferential movement ofthe gaseous mixture and to the flow of gases and flames obliquely through the apertures.

19. In a rotary wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided,with an upright wall, a hearth of refractory heat resistance material extending across the bottom of the chamber and formed at its periphery with a depressed portionproviding a continuous shoulder facing toward said wall, a centrally disposed distributor for projecting oil and air radially over the hearth toward the upright wall, an air deflecting wall of thin section resting by gravity on the hearth and disposed with one side thereof against said shoulder, and means resting on the hearth and providing an upstanding fuel vaporizing wall located between the deflecting wall and the upright wall ,tributor and apertured members supported above to intercept fuel projected from the distributor, said means includingan abutment engaging the other side of the air deflecting wall and slidable therealong to hold the deflecting wall against the shoulder while permitting expansion and contractioeil of said means relative to the air deflecting wa 20. In a rotary wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall, a hearth of refractory heat resistant material extending across the bottom of the chamber and formed at its periphery with a depressed portion providing a continuous shoulder facing toward said wall, a centrally disposed distributor for projecting oil and air radially over the hearth toward the upright wall, an air deflecting wail of thin section resting by gravity on'the hearth and disposed with one side thereof against said shoulder, and a plurality of thin refractory sections resting on the hearth between the deflecting wall and the upright wall and disposed in end to end relation to provide an upstanding fuel vaporizing wall extending around the hearth for intercepting fuel projected from the distributor, said sections having projecting portions abutting the other side. of the air deflecting wall and slidable therealong to hold the deflecting wall against the shoulder while permitting expansion and contraction of the sections relative to the air deflecting wall.

21. In a rotary wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall, a hearth of refractory heat resistant ma-' terial extending acros the bottom of the chamber and formed at its periphery with a depressed portion providing a continuous shoulder facing toward said wall, a centrally disposed distributor for projecting oil and air radially over the hearth toward the upright wall, an air deflecting wall of thin section resting by gravity on the hearth and disposed with one side thereof against said shoulder, and a plurality of thin refractory sections resting on the hearth between the deflecting wall and the upright wall and disposed in end to end relation to provide an upstanding fuel vaporizing wall extending around the hearth for intercept ing fuel projected from the distributor, said sectherealong to hold the latter against the shoulder, 1

to baiiie the latter.

wall and a hearth across the bottom of said chamber, a centrally disposed distributor for projecting 'oil and air radially over the hearth, a combustion ring on the hearth adjacent said wall and comprising a plurality of sections each formed of a single piece of sheet metal bent to provide an upstanding vaporizing wall spaced inwardly from the upright wall and disposed tointercept fuel projected from the distributor and a sealing member-extending laterally from along the top of the vaporizing wall toward the upright f wall to abut the latter and thereby uniformly space the vaporizing wall from the upright wall. 23. In a rotary wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a hearth across the bottom of said chamber, a centrally disposed distributor for proiecting oil and air radially over the hearth, a combustion ring on the hearth adjacent said wall and comprising a plurality of sections each formed of a single piece of sheet metal bent to provide an upstanding vaporizing wall spaced inwardly from the upright wall and disposed to intercept fuel projected from the distributor and an air deflecting wall of lesser height than-the vaporizing wall, each of said sections having the vaporizing and air deflecting wall thereof received between the corresponding walls of an adjacent section in telescopic relation to maintain the sections in the form of a continuous ring.

24. In a wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a hearth across the bottom of said chamber, a centrally disposed distributor for projecting oil and air over the hearth toward the wall, a combustion ring on the hearth adjacent said wall and P comprising an upstanding metal vaporizing wall of thin section spaced inwardly from the upright wall and disposed to intercept fuel projected from w the distributor and a flame controlling structure extending above said vaporizing wall and including a refractory member of thin section disposed to deflect Bases to flow in a direction generally paralleling the vaporizing wall'and a refractory member of thin section disposed above the deflecting member in the path of the deflected gases 25. In a wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a hearth across the bottom of said chamber, a centrally disposed distributor for projecting oil and air over the hearth toward the wall, a combustion ring on the hearth adjacent said wall and comprising an upstanding metal vaporizing wall of thin section spaced inwardlyfrom the upright wall and disposed to intercept fuel projeoted from the distributor and a flame controlling structure extending above said vaporizing wall and including a refractory member of thin section disposed at an angle to the vaporizing wall to deflect'gases rising from the latter, and

another refractory member of thin section disposed above the deflecting member and at an angle to the latter to act as a baflie for gases rising from the deflecting member.

26. In a wall flame oil burner having a combustion chamber provided with an upright wall and a hearth across the bottom of said chamber, a centrally disposed distributor for projecting oil and air over the hearth toward the wall, a combustion ring on the hearth adjacent said wall and comprising an upstanding metal vaporizing wall of thin section spaced inwardly from the upright .wall and disposed to intercept fuel pro jected from the distributor and a sealing mem berextending laterally from along the top of the vaporizing wall toward the upright wall to abut the latter and thereby uniformly space the vaporizing wall from the upright wall, and a flame controlling structure mounted on the sealing member for facile removal therefrom and including a refractory member of thin section supported-above the sealing member and in a zone above the top of the vaporizing wall to act as a bailie for gases and flame rising from the latter.

WILLIAM J SMIT'I-I. ANTHONY von HAASE. 

